Individuals that Transcend Time Non-linear and Fantastical Narratives of Kindred and The Rag Doll Plagues - Literature Essay Samples

The sociopolitical and cultural landscape of the present is undeniably shaped by that of the past. Past sociopolitical and cultural tensions serve as foundation for the contemporary psychology we experience. However, alongside this connection is a divide between the contextualization of the past and present individual. This means that the individual who experiences cultural and sociopolitical tensions specific to their time period will inevitably be divorced from the experiences of another in a different time period. Morales and Butler employ fantastical narratives in The Rag Doll Plagues and Kindred in attempts to both breach and accentuate this divide. There is an exchange of past, present, and future cultural information made available through the deconstruction of linear time. This allows for a more accessible understanding of such cultural information. Morales makes time cyclical in The Rag Doll Plagues by exploring similar narratives in different time periods via one individual ’s past, present, and future selves. Butler literally removes the obstacle of time in Kindred as the narrator, Dana, travels back and forth through time and space, shifting from the twentieth century to the Antebellum South of America. By removing the distance that is time, these authors reveal how familiar oppressions function across the past, present, and future. In addition, they show how the individual is both restricted and uninhibited by the cultural framework specific to their space and time. The narrative of Morales’s The Rag Doll Plagues travels across centuries, with past, present, and future settings. The novel is separated into three books with settings that span from the seventeenth century to a late twenty-first century speculative future. The reader is grounded by the continual reminder of Spanish imperialism and its influence on colonized citizens over these time periods. The narrative may begin in a recently colonized Mexico City and end in the imagined city of â€Å"Lamex†, but the area of study remains the same. In this way Morales allows the reader to observe the effects of Spanish colonial rule on Mexico across all time frames. The fantastical device that Morales employs most effectively, however, is his use of the narrator. The Rag Doll Plagues follows what appears to be an individual â€Å"entity† of sorts. This entity appears and reappears across space and time. The narrator is called Gregory in all three books, and although he exists as different individuals in differing time periods, it is heavily implied that â€Å"Gregory† is connected to his past and future selves through shared ancestry. Writing Gregory again and again via his past, present, and future selves immediately begins to chip away at the binding reality of time. More significantly, this leads the reader to consider how the effects of Spanish imperialism similarly persist and evolve over time. In the beginning of â€Å"Lamex†, Gregory considers his ancestors and their influence over his current situation. Gregory of â€Å"Lamex† finds himself, like the Gregory of the first two books, in the midst of a plague-ridden Mexico. Morales carefully characterizes both narrator and setting to accentuate what has persisted and what has evolved over time in colonial and post-colonial Mexico. Gregory thinks to himself in â€Å"Lamex†, â€Å"In a matter of minutes we would step out into an area devastated by a spontaneous plague. Si lently, I prayed for God’s help and that the computerized ghosts of my ancestors would accompany me in this battle† (Morales 113). This mirrors the thoughts of the Gregory from book one, â€Å"Mexico City†, as he prepares to enter the city as well, â€Å"In one instance, I beheld numerous cadavers in different stages of decay trapped on a sharp river bend. I pondered the cause of these deaths. Don Juan Vicente’s letters described a disease that had killed hundreds, but that had left as quickly as it had materialized. Were these unfortunate remains the aftermath of the malady? Poverty and illness attracted me, as if I needed to get closer to that which I rejected† (Morales 5). These two scenes mirror each other as they introduce each Gregory to the setting of the plague. However, there are observable differences in the characterization of our two narrators. The Gregory from â€Å"Mexico City† reads as detached, even somewhat indifferent, silen tly contemplating whether the corpses he sees are of relevance to him. The Gregory from â€Å"Lamex† reads with resolve. He is not emotionally volatile, but he grasps the extent of the plague’s destruction, and prays for assistance from his ancestors. He does not blindly reject the poor and the diseased, only struggles with the reality of their suffering and his subsequent feelings of powerlessness. Morales characterizes these narrators differently to reflect their different contextualization. The Gregory of â€Å"Mexico City†, a product of early Spanish imperialism and the related factors of racism and classism, is at first not so sympathetic toward his patients. The Gregory of â€Å"Lamex† is not a saint, but he certainly gives off a stronger sense of self awareness. He has been contextualized in a Mexico that has already endured centuries of consequences of imperialist rule. This Gregory has seen the events unfold over time, proceeding from his ancesto rs in seventeenth century Mexico City. Finding himself once again in a plague-ridden Mexico, the Gregory of â€Å"Lamex† feels compelled to reflect on his past selves and their influence, calling on the â€Å"computerized ghosts† of his ancestors. The reference to his ancestors and their â€Å"computerized ghosts† merits more attention. Gregory, in â€Å"Lamex†, continues, â€Å"For many years I have been frequented by two individuals, Papa Damian and Grandfather Gregory. It is comforting to know that they come when I most need them. They are individual human lives who have escaped the parameters of time and the limitations of the computers that house the detailed descriptions of history† (Morales 113). Gregory certainly experiences a sense of interconnectedness with his ancestors, who experienced similar trials of plague and death. He continues later, thinking of his grandfather, â€Å"His self-description, once computerized, was so intense that in hours he became a computer ghost and now appeared to assist and guide me through this world which I believed to be real† and â€Å"Grandfather Gregory and Papa Damian continuously pursued a better past. They understood that we created the past and not t he future in the present. Now, I too, strove for a better past† (Morales 124). Morales uses these descriptions to destabilize boundaries created across time but also to counter the assumed binary of fact and fiction, history and reality. Gregory realizes that, not only has his ancestor transcended space and time, he has transcended the idea of history and fiction as opposing forces. The lines, â€Å"this world which I believed to be real† and â€Å"Now, I too, strove for a better past† most explicitly underline Morales’s desired message (Morales 124). The present that Gregory finds himself can be considered indeterminate because of how heavily it relies on the history of his ancestors. He strives for a better past in the sense that he seeks to more fully understand the experiences of his ancestors. Gregory writes that he observes a world that he â€Å"believes† to be real because he understands how intimately the constructed present depends upon the perceived past. Similarly, he desires a better past in order to create a better future. He is not objectively connected to his ancestors: it is imperative to realize that they remain â€Å"ghosts†, accessible only through digitized histories. However, it is their nature as computer ghosts that make the interconnected nature of the past, present, and future more tangible. His ancestors exist within their digitized histories as entities of the past, indeterminate in nature. If these computer ghosts were the figures that constructed that past that led to Gregory’s present day, they are tangible enough to influence history. These intricate narrative decisions pertain to the greater scope of colonial influence because they demonstrate how developing narratives mirror developing sociopolitical frameworks. The Gregory that narrates â€Å"Lamex† has the ability to see the long term effects of imperial rule and how they’ve begun to alter their manifestations. Beyond his dealings with the plague itself, consequences of imperial rule have trickled into his own life and work experiences. He must make the decision to have a surgery that would give him a computerized arm or risk losing his job. Although it may appear removed, this forced decision is also a consequence of imperialist Spanish rule. The developing city of â€Å"Lamex† and its administrators demand higher efficiency: you must submit your body to this surgery in order to accommodate for the colonial machine and its industries. Remember that the Gregory from book one, â€Å"Mexico City† remarked, â€Å"Poverty and illness a ttracted me, as if I needed to get closer to that which I rejected† (Morales 5). The Gregory of â€Å"Lamex† is made intimately closer to that which he rejects: the computerized arm. The relevance of the line spoken by the Gregory in book one is that it plainly demonstrates the evolution of societal tensions over time. While the earlier Gregory is drawn to illness and poverty that disgusts him, the Gregory of â€Å"Lamex† must face a mechanized world or risk being left behind. He must literally become closer to the machinery that he rejects, revealing how the tensions from seventeenth century Mexico City have adapted over centuries to apply to the contemporary individual. Nadine Flagel considers Kindred and its use of time travel in her article â€Å"‘It’s Almost Like Being There’: Speculative Fiction, Slave Narrative, and The Crisis of Representation in Octavia Butler’s Kindred†. She writes, â€Å"Though introduced to slavery’s brutality, Dana still articulates her identity as that of a twentieth century spectator; she asserts distance while time travel negates it† (Flagel 236). While Morales accentuates a sense of interconnected-ness across time, Butler uses Dana’s narrative to demonstrate how even explicit time travel will fall short of a first hand, contextualized experience of oppression. Throughout Kindred, Dana looks back to her ancestors as second hand sources of experience. This is despite her being literally sent back and dropped in the middle of the Antebellum South. After Dana’s first experience traveling back in time, she says, â€Å"I don’t know. As real as the whole e pisode was, as real as I know it was, it’s beginning to recede from me somehow. It’s becoming like something I saw on television or read about—like something I got second hand† (Butler 17). These lines show that even with her transcendence of time and space, Dana feels quite apart from the psychology of her ancestors. She feels like an observer rather than a participant, and she is quite aware of the differences between her contextualization as a twentieth century black woman and her ancestors’ as slaves in the Antebellum South. She says, â€Å"To survive, my ancestors had to put up with more than I ever could. Much more. You know what I mean† (Butler 51). Dana knows that her identity is that of a twentieth century black woman and that this identity will inevitably restrict her from a truly first-hand experience of the Antebellum South. She may be sent back in time, but during these lapses she is experiencing slavery through the contextualize d psychology of a contemporary individual. Under the context of colonial rule, past experiences read more as lessons to be learned from, lessons that Gregory’s ancestors seemingly attempt to rewrite themselves as they persist as Barron 13 computer ghosts over time. Dana’s specific oppression under the social and political constructs of the twentieth century divorce her from the brutality of the Antebellum South. Still, Dana observes an undeniable and even dangerous connection between herself and the foundation of slavery from which her contemporary being arises. Like Gregory, she sees that her ancestors are beings that have â€Å"escaped the parameters of time†. They exist in her as Gregory’s Grandfather exists in him in â€Å"Lamex†. Dana knows she is not the same as them, that she does not share their experience of violence and oppression. However, the relevant cultural and sociopolitical frameworks are unavoidably tied to her present life. Dana says, â€Å"If I was to live, if others were to live, he must live. I didn’t dare test the paradox† ( Butler 29). Dana understands that the connection between her past, present, and future is solid. She is afraid to question it. This reflects the fact that her contemporary self has been constructed from her past relatives, her present day experience constructed with slavery as its foundation. Dana experiences diff erent forms of oppression in the twentieth century. Her white husband, Kevin, tries to support her but often undermines her autonomy and intelligence. He says to her after she explains her disadvantage, â€Å"You’re working yourself into a mood that could be suicidal if you’re not careful† (Butler 51). This response could read as concerned, but in actuality, it stems from a severe lack of perspective. Dana is already at a disadvantage for not possessing the mental framework of her ancestors in the era of slavery. Kevin, a white, twentieth century man, truly has no concept of Dana’s experience as a black woman, let alone that of her ancestors in the Antebellum south. For these reasons his response is dismissive. He applies an â€Å"objective† take on her situation, remarking that she should be careful not to breach dangerous mentalities. In reality, Kevin’s objectivity is white and male, and his concern a frustration over Dana’s appare nt Barron 14 fatalism. Meanwhile, Dana is not being fatalistic, but realistic. Dana also experiences oppression in her work, which is referred to as a â€Å"slave market†. She describes menial labor with very low pay, and managers who have little care for their employees. This is absolutely unlike the slavery her past relatives endured, but it is not wholly unrelated. Just like how in â€Å"Lamex† Gregory must â€Å"commodify† himself in order to work more efficiently, Dana is treated as an easily tradable commodity of labor. Again, this is nothing like the reality of slave labor, but we can observe how both slavery and imperialism functioned to provide the groundwork for the nature of contemporary labor markets. Efficiency and productivity are valued at the expense of the individual’s autonomy and even humanity. Morales and Butler recognize that time abstracts the individual from the narratives of the past. Both authors use non-linear or cyclical depictions of time in their attempts to breach this abstraction. This device, be it flat out time travel or a time/space transcendent narrative entity, allows the individual to see beyond the constructs of time. However, the individual remains aware of their situation within specific periods. Dana knows she is a twentieth century black woman author above all else. The Gregory within â€Å"Lamex† knows he exists in the mechanized late twenty-first century, surrounded by the digitized histories of his ancestors. And yet, both Dana and Gregory achieve an understanding of their respective struggles that transcends the restrictions of an individual psychology. They are made aware of how relevant their pasts are, and in a sense, how relevant they are to their pasts.

Human Resources An Organization - 1424 Words

HUMAN RESOURCES: THEORETICAL – Human Resources include all the actions to recruit the right workers for the business and train them for the job. In the human resources department they work out what level of skills are needed by the workers and how many workers are needed for business. They have to create a positive working environment for the workers to insure that the workers are happy and working well to achieve the business’ goals. They also deal with the conditions of employment and the workers’ salaries. The human resource department’s job is to recruit the best workers for the job, also make sure training is put in place so that the new employee’s know how to work to their full potential and help achieve profits for the business and the business ‘goals. Their job is also to fire workers if they aren’t obeying working procedures and then hiring new workers to replace the old. They also help develop a competitive advantage which includes building the capacity of the com pany so they can offer an exclusive product/service to customers. They try developing strategies for the business and opportunities. MOVIE – In the movie we see that Andy goes for a job interview at the fashion magazine Runway, and soon gets the job. Andy is known as a joke to the business and doesn’t fit the position as she knows nothing about fashion and certainly doesn’t wear the correct outfits. There’s a sense of humour in the human resources as the brought Andy in to have an interview with herShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management And An Organization Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesHuman resource management is a tool in an organization, which focuses on the recruitment, management, and giving direction to the people who work in the organization. Human resource management is a vital component, which deals with issues concerned with people. 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Movie Analysis Dallas Buyers Club Directed By Jean Marc...

MAJOR WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT: TOPIC TWO ESSAY WORD COUNT: 1893 In film, drama is the most diverse of genres with many subcategories such as crime drama, comedy drama, romantic drama, historical drama etc. Dallas Buyers Club directed by Jean-Marc Vallee and The Imitation Game by Morten Tyldum both take on the role of producing historical and biographical dramas. These can be categorized as both films are set in the past to tell a story and through the perspective a certain important person and time in history. The purpose of a drama film is to touch on realism of a central protagonist and the people that he/she interacts with, to touch on social issues mostly and go in depth indirectly through a character’s encounter with the issue(s). The genre most commonly is known for relying on emotional techniques that cause sympathy for characters to drive the film to be put into the typical convention of drama. Also, the films focus on building up characters that the audience can relate and engage with, and social interaction between the characters . When a person thinks of the genre of drama, the first thing that may be recognized and associated is that the film type strongly relies on emotional techniques. Especially examples that the audience can relate and engage with. Ron from Dallas Buyers Club s emotionless first introduction to the audience makes his small acts of humanity resonate stronger with the viewers. Similarly this occurs with Alan from The Imitation Game s character;

Profitability and Financial Stability Reef Ltd

Question: The following information has been extracted from the financial statement and notes of Reef Ltd: 2017 2016 Service revenue $580,000 $575,000 Interest expense $23,000 $26,500 Income tax expense $44,600 $53,000 Profit $52,500 $56,100 Preference dividends $2,800 $2,800 Total assets $540,000 $555,000 Total liabilities $300,000 $330,000 Preference share capital $62,000 $62,000 Ordinary share capital $110,000 $100,000 Retained earnings $68,000 $63,000 Required: Evaluate the company's profitability and financial stability by calculating and analysing the re ratio(s). Answer: Measurement of Profitability and Financial Stability through ratios Ratios 2017 2016 Gross Profit Margin 20.71 23.58 Net Profit Margin 9.05 9.76 Return on Assets 9.72 10.11 Return on Net Worth 45.18 53.30 Debt to Asset Ratio 0.55 0.59 Gross Profit Margin shows the efficiency of the firm. More the gross margin means more in efficient in operation. It can be observed that the gross profit margin of the organization is low and also the gross profit margin of 2017 is less than 2016. Also the net profit margin of the company is very low. The net profit margin of 2017 less than 2016. Return on Assets implies the income generated in respect of total asset. It is observed that the return on assets of the organization is not in good position also it has decreased from 2016 to 2017. Return on net worth means the income generated in respect of equity fund. It is near to 50%. So, it is in average position but it has also decreased from 2016 to 2017. It is observed that, debt to asset ratio has declined from 2016 to 2017. In overall, it can be said the financial position of the company is not so good and financial position of 2016 is good from 2017. Benefits of Ratio Analysis i) Ratio Analysis is one of the important tools of financial analysis. It helps to understand the financial position of an organization.ii) The efficiency of the company can be judged by the ratios. Ratios show how well the assets could be utilized and could earn profits.iii) Different companies can be compared with each other through the ratios.iv) Trend analysis can also be done through ratios. Trend analysis is the judging of a company over the period.v) It helps to find out the weakness area in operations. Limitation of Ratio Analysis 1. Ratio analysis is done to find out the relationship using past information and business is now concerned current and future trend.2. All the companies in industries are not same. They operate in different economic environment such as rules and regulation, structure of market, etc. Ratio analysis does not include those factors. References List Bragg, S. (2000)Financial analysis, New York: Wiley. Chesnick, D. (n.d.)Financial management and ratio analysis for cooperative enterprises. Moy, R. (2000)An analysis of the position and status of sound ratio in contemporary society, Lewiston, N.Y.: Edwin Mellen Press. Rodgers, P. (2008)Financial analysis, Oxford: CIMA. Velez-Pareja, I. (n.d.) Financial Analysis and Control - Financial Ratio Analysis (Slides),SSRN Journal.

Reverse Outline free essay sample

Topic Sentence: In examining Kurt Vonnengut’s Slaughterhouse-Five, we can illuminate the faults in Weisenburger’s theory of satire dichotomy, as well as illuminate the nature of the satirical qualities of Slaughterhouse-Five itself. Function: This is the thesis of Gil Henkin’s essay â€Å"Steven Weisenburger and the Big Scary Normative Value: An Exercise in Postmodern Posturing. † Its function is to provide the main idea which the author will argue thorough the essay. 2 Topic Sentence: Weisenburger rejects the concept of the dichotomy between a â€Å"good† and a â€Å"bad† example, yet in rejecting this moral polarization, he presents degenerative as good as opposed to inherently evil generative. Function: This paragraph serves to illustrate Weisenburger’s ideas. The author talks about Weisenburger’s view on generative and degenerative literature and why he thinks there is no middle ground between these two forms of satire. This paragraph also functions as a foundation for using Slaughterhouse-Five to strengthen author’s arguments. We will write a custom essay sample on Reverse Outline or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3 Topic Sentence: The novel itself offers no normative values within its pages Function: The author uses this paragraph to show what moral position Vonnegut provides in his novel. Gil makes clear that Slaughterhouse-Five doesn’t offer author’s moral positioning. This paragraph functions as an insight into Vonnegut’s ideas and creates a contrast with previous paragraph where Weisenburger was mentioned.  ¶4 Topic Sentence: Again in this, Vonnegut is showcasing one of the main tenants of Weisenburgian contemporary satire. Function: The author brings an observation form Vonnegut’s novel and connects it with one if Weisenburger’s main ideas. This paragraph illustrates the connection between Wonnegut’s and Weisenburger’s ideas. He also illustrates how Weisenburger uses grotesque as one of his main tools.  ¶5 Topic Sentence: Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five, as intimated by the title, also dabbles in the grotesque as a tool. Function: The author uses quotes from Vonnegut’s novel to illustrate the horror depicted in his story. By this author shows that grotesque is the tool Vonnegut uses frequently just like Weisenburger. I  ¶6 Topic Sentence: All the same, Vonnegut deviates from Weisenburger’s general diagnosis of satire as violence. Function: This paragraph serves to illustrate the differences between Vonnegut’s ideas and Weisenburger’s claim. Author uses a quote from Vonnegut’s novel to show how the sight of powerful destruction inspires the readers and how this idea deviates from Weisenburger’s claim in which violence supports a moral code. 7 Topic Sentence: Billy Pilgrim is at least in part playing a Christ figure. Function: The author analyzes Billy Pilgrim, the main character of Vonnegut’s novel, and claims that there are similarity between him and Christ. By analyzing Billy’s actions author is able to illustrate what makes him resemble Christ and what makes him distinct. By this author shows that there is a gross perversion of moral norm in Vonnegu t’s novel.  ¶8 Topic Sentence: This all may seem, in total, evidence that Slaughterhouse-Five is purely degenerative satire. Function: Author analyzes the specifics of Vonnegut’s novel and states that the evidence suggest it to be a degenerative form of satire. This paragraph creates an argument as to whether Slaughterhouse-Five really is a degenerative satire.  ¶9 Topic Sentence: In this sense, Vonnegut is in sense a generative satirist. Function: By analyzing several other aspects of the novel and thinking about the message Vonnegut was trying to get through the author of this essay is able to conclude that Vonnegut was in fact, a generative satirist. This paragraph serves to strengthen author’s thesis and provide an example of middle ground between generative and degenerative satire.  ¶10 Topic Sentence: Weisenburger is wrong to fear all norms. Function: In this passage author argues that Vonnegut’s novella provides baseline norms that are necessary for the society. While author partly agrees with Weisenburger that some norms create a system of conflict and violence, he states that there are norms which help prevent these conflicts. 11 Topic Sentence: Examination of Weisenburger through Slaughterhouse-Five reveals an incomplete theory on satire that cannot fully grasp the implications of the novel as a generative degenerative satire. Function: Author sums up his ideas and restates his thesis. He also states the importance of lens analysis to his essay Just analyzing Weisenburger’s ideas might not give implications on why he is incorrect. However looking at them through Slaughterhouse-Five reveal that Weisen burger can not fully grasp the middle ground generative degenerative satire.

How to Procrastinate and Get Nothing Done - Proofed

How to Procrastinate and Get Nothing Done - Proofed How to Procrastinate and Get Nothing Done Are you getting too much work done? Would you rather spend your time worrying about deadlines? If so, follow our guide on how to procrastinate and watch your productivity drop instantly! The circle of procrastination. 1. Don’t Plan Anything If you really want to get nothing done, the last thing you need is a plan. After all, planning your working day will help you manage your time effectively and give you a sense of your overall progress. Instead, take on various tasks at random, regardless of how important or difficult they might be. If you’re lucky, you’ll get bogged down in something pointless and complex! 2. Find a Chaotic Environment It is much easier to be productive if you have a calm and controlled work environment. Ideally, this should be somewhere quiet and comfortable, with everything you need easily accessible nearby. However, if you’re looking to procrastinate, we suggest doing your work somewhere busy, uncomfortable, and noisy, such as a coffee shop during the lunchtime rush or a busy airport lounge. Yup. This seems like a good place to get work done.(Photo: Josh Hallett/flickr) 3. Check Twitter Constantly It goes without saying that social media is much more interesting than work. After all, why would you want to do anything useful when you could procrastinate by spending hours arguing with anonymous online strangers about whether Marvel or DC make the best superhero movies? And don’t forget that there is more to the internet than just Twitter and Facebook! There are literally thousands of ways to waste time online, so the procrastination opportunities are infinite. You can run, but your followers will find you eventually!(Image: Alan ORourke) 4. Blame Yourself Perhaps you’re already behind with your work. Well, now is the time to self-recriminate for your lack of productivity. By focusing on what you should have done so far instead of what you could do next, you can guarantee that you won’t get anything useful done soon! 5. Try to Do Everything by Yourself When people work together, they are much more likely to get stuff done. And if you can ask a friend or a colleague for help with something difficult, you will find it much easier to achieve your goals. This is why the true procrastinator always works alone. If you try to take on every task by yourself with no assistance from anyone, any progress you do make will be slow and stressful. A Final Piece of Advice†¦ Of course, if you actually want to get some work done, we recommend doing the opposite to everything we’ve said above. So, if you want to avoid procrastination, you can: Plan your work carefully and break it down into simple steps Create a calm, disturbance-free environment Use a website blocker to limit your access to online distractions Reward yourself for good behavior and forgive yourself for mistakes Don’t be afraid to ask for support! And remember that we’re here to help with proofreading, letting you focus on the important stuff.

Security Sector Reform and Weak States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Security Sector Reform and Weak States - Essay Example The term according to the definition refers to the most commonly used term to describe these transformations of the 'security system'. Consensus on the precise definition of the term has yet to be reached; it is employed to describe both single-issue reforms such as disarmament, and comprehensive processes based on broad principles such as good governance. (Security Sector Reform) Thus the expression above has given the concept of security sector reforms which include all the conditions governing the security sector, with the aims and objective of mounting the sector. The concept further more expresses in a wider range about how the security reforms should be carry out based on the modern perspective, which focuses on human security, as for given protection not only to individuals, but to a wide range of communities against any negative threat, violence and injustice, including protecting them from all forms of human violation. is commonly understood to include all the organizations that have the authority to use, or order the use of, force, or the threat of force, to protect individuals and the state Additionally, unofficial actors play an important role in the security sector, both through their involvement in... (Security Sector Reform) However, when there is no security reform, then the human life will be in turmoil, since there would be violence here and there, conflict will also become unavoidable, others include lack of good governance that will treat its people undemocratically, corruption and torture would have a place to reign, while harassment of civilian will be a top agenda. The security sector reform is said to have gained its mainstay from the beginning of the 1990s, when groups of peace initiators, indigenous groups, ethnic minorities, and other concern organization across the glob vowed to ensure that justice, fairness and all forms of positive treatments replaces intimidations against humanity from all walks of life. But at this juncture, before stepping to the next important discussion of the essay, we should exactly the process of the security reforms, meaning how it is carry out. To this end, a statement said the objective of the reforms, and the specific country or community context, certain stages are common to many SSR processes. The UK Department for International Development ((DFID) describes this process from the perspective of a donor in their guidelines on SSR, including key steps such as: informal or formal consultations; a general diagnosis including identifying and determining which entry-point/s to address; specific assessments or reviews; stakeholder meetings; implementation; monitoring; and evaluation. (Security Sector Reform) THE CONCEPT OF SECURITY SECTOR REFORM AND WEAK STATES Meaning of weak states: Failed states serve as a catalyst to non-state terrorist networks. They provide locations for critical face-to-face meetings/training that create the lifelong